National parks which followed the ‘Yellowstone model’ emphasized “public ownership, tourism development, and above all wilderness, and they have had little place in them for indigenous peoples” (Stevens, 1986 quoted in Lane, 2001 Lane, M. The principles upon which the park was founded were widely copied around the world. Yellowstone, the world's first national park, was established in western Wyoming in 1872.
EXAMPLES OF TYRANNY PROFESSIONAL
Unpublished PhD Thesis, Griffith University provided a detailed account of one such national organization that demonstrates the role of professional staff in shaping organizational policy and negotiating with government.Ĥ.
The Conservation Movement in Queensland: The Myth and the Palimpsest.
EXAMPLES OF TYRANNY FULL
The third tier of government in Australia, local government, has important land-use planning and development powers but is not deeply involved in the full spectrum of environmental policy and management activities.ģ. , ), while a number of state governments (which share environmental management responsibility with the Federal government) are currently decentralizing environmental policy to locally- or regionally-scaled non-governmental boards or committees. Australian Geographical Studies, 42: 102– 114. Decentralisation and Environmental Management in Australia: A Comment on the Prescriptions of the Wentworth Group. The Australian Federal government has pursued this approach primarily through the NHT and related programmes (Lane et al., 2004 Lane, M. Society and Natural Resources, 15: 827– 846. Buying Back and Caring for Country: Institutional Arrangements and Possibilities for Indigenous Lands Management in Australia. , ) and a conflict over mining and indigenous rights in the Gulf of Carpentaria (Lane & Cowell, 2002 Lane, M. Australian Geographical Studies, 35: 308– 324. Aboriginal Participation in Environmental Planning: The Importance of Social Organization. Commissioned by the Indigenous Land Corporation as part of the National Indigenous Land Management Project ), a conflict over mining, Aboriginal rights and conservation in Kakadu National Park (Lane & Rickson, 1997 Lane, M.
Indigenous Land Management – Towards a New Approach: Evaluation of Indigenous Participation in and Access to Land Management Programs in Australia, Adelaide: Indigenous Land Corporation. ), a protracted and bitter conflict over the use of tropical forests in northern Queensland (McDonald & Lane, 2000 Lane, M. Fighting for Fraser Island, Alexandria, NSW: Kerr Publishing. , ), a contest of loggers and environmentalists on Fraser Island (Sinclair, 1994 Sinclair, J. The dispute over the Franklin River and the South West Wilderness Area in Tasmania, Australia.
Notable examples include: the Franklin dam controversy in Tasmania (see Kellow, 1989 Kellow, A. Most national environmental conflicts during this period (a) were spatially specific and therefore local in scale, (b) were focused on public lands and resources, and (c) involved diverse actors dominated by industry and civic actors, including environmental groups and indigenous organizations.
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